起草斯坦福毕业典礼演讲

图片描述

Steve smiles at the lectern in graduation robes while giving the 2005 commencement speech at Stanford University. 史蒂夫穿着毕业礼服，在斯坦福大学 2005 年毕业典礼上发表演讲时，站在讲台前微笑。

背景: In January 2005, John Hennessy, the president of Stanford, asked Steve to give the commencement address to that spring’s graduating class. Steve agreed.

核心概念

  1. 三个故事 (Three Stories) - 演讲的三个故事框架
  2. 保持饥饿，保持愚蠢 (Stay hungry, stay foolish) - 来自《全球概览》
  3. 全球概览 (Whole Earth Catalog) - 斯图尔特·布兰德创办的杂志
  4. 里德学院 (Reed College) - 乔布斯就读的文理学院
  5. 史蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克 (Steve Wozniak) - 苹果联合创始人
  6. 苹果 (Apple) - 苹果公司

内容

中文翻译

2005年1月，斯坦福校长John Hennessy请史蒂夫为那年春季毕业班发表毕业典礼演讲。史蒂夫同意了。

在接下来的六个月里，史蒂夫断断续续地尝试撰写他的演讲。他通过邮件给自己发送故事和回忆。他向朋友、苹果同事和编剧Aaron Sorkin征求意见。但最终，他独自完成了演讲。即使在活动前三天，史蒂夫仍对他的演讲不满意。他发给一位朋友，警告说："我发给你，但请不要吐。我从不做这种事。"在发表演讲的那天早上，他仍在完善演讲。不同寻常的是，史蒂夫从讲台上读稿，而不是像苹果主题演讲那样背诵文本，或者像几乎所有其他演讲那样根据几张潦草的笔记即兴发言。

史蒂夫对演讲很满意——演讲几天后他给自己发了一封邮件——但他通常对收到的赞扬不予理会。"我是在CommencementSpeeches.com上买的，"他对一个人开玩笑说。毕业典礼演讲在网上被观看了数百万次，并被纳入世界各地学校的课程。以下是史蒂夫在起草演讲时通过邮件发送给自己的想法。

邮件1：毕业典礼

发件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 收件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 主题：毕业典礼 日期：2005年1月15日，上午10:35

这是我离大学毕业最近的一次

  1. 习惯是非常强大的东西
  1. 你吃什么就是什么
  1. 好奇心
  1. 当我20岁时，就在苹果开始起步时我在这里上课

你要进入一个疯狂的世界

所以，我要关注你们——你们的内心世界——你们如何对待你们的生活

邮件2：斯坦福演讲

发件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 收件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 主题：斯坦福演讲 日期：2005年5月1日，晚上11:10

我从未大学毕业。事实上，这就是我最接近大学毕业的一次。所以，如果你今天愚蠢到要听我说，我想在你们离开大学时给你们三条建议。

首先，当我在你们这个年龄时，我曾公开发表声明"不要相信任何超过30岁的人"。当然我当时是认真的。现在我已经50岁了，有趣的是，当你到了我这个年龄，你开始看到经验的更多价值。但无论是纯粹的智商分数还是人生经验，我想给你的第一条建议是，试着始终让自己周围有比你更聪明的人。这是你变得更聪明、更有深度的方式。无论他们的领域是什么。他们可以来自与你完全不同的生活领域——事实上，那甚至更好。在苹果成立后不久，我雇佣了一位天才工程师，他当时已经非常老了——我想他已经40多岁了——他不仅是地球上最好的模拟工程师，还是一位革命社会主义者。他让我接触到了《资本论》和《美国的60个家族》等我以前从未接触过的东西。

你们已经开始了20多岁，在这个十年里你们会遇见很多了不起的人。还有一些伟大的老师——导师——你们永远不会忘记。但记住，老师是那个在黑暗中与你站在一起，拿着他们的手电筒刚好足够长的时间让你找到自己的手电筒的人。

第二，

第三，我们都会死。你会死。

补充于5月2日，晚上7:20

一位睿智的经济观察家曾经评论说，"可以推迟的事情，通常都会推迟——然后，唉，就太晚了。"我不希望那成为美国经济无与伦比的成功时期以及整个世界巨大潜力的墓志铭。

补充于5月5日，早上6:55

保持好奇

里德学院——上书法课——没有实用价值——学习了排版、字体等——10年后在Mac上工作时——如果我从没上过那门课，那么Mac或PC上就不会有多重字体、比例间距多重字体。

结尾

当我在你们这个年龄时，有一本了不起的出版物叫《全球概览》，影响了我那一代人。它就是在离我们今天站立的地方不远的地方创建的。他们出版了几期，然后当它完成使命时出版了最后一期，在封底有一张清晨乡村道路的照片，那种如果你足够冒险可能会在搭便车时找到的道路，上面写着"求知若饥，虚心若愚"。这是他们留给我们的离别智慧。求知若饥，虚心若愚。我一直这样希望自己。我也希望你们这样。

非常感谢。

补充于5月5日，上午9:09

当我在你们这个年龄时，有一本了不起的出版物叫《全球概览》，影响了我那一代人。它是在门洛帕克创建的，离我们今天站立的地方不远。他们出版了几期，然后当它完成使命时出版了最后一期。那是1974年，我当时和你们一样大。他们最后一期的封底是一张清晨乡村道路的照片，那种如果你足够冒险可能会在搭便车时找到的道路，上面写着："求知若饥，虚心若愚。"这是他们告别时的智慧珍宝。求知若饥，虚心若愚。我一直这样希望自己。而且[现在]我也希望你们这样。非常感谢。

邮件3：你无法计划遇见会改变你人生的人

发件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 收件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 主题：你无法计划遇见会改变你人生的人 日期：2005年6月7日，晚上11:46

你无法计划遇见会改变你人生的人。我每年被邀请在斯坦福商学院演讲一两次，我总是尽力去做。我曾接受邀请在一个周四的傍晚晚些时候演讲，我感觉不太好，而且那天晚上晚些时候我有一些重要的客户要在Page Mill Road的一个酒庄与他们共进晚餐。我演讲的房间不够大，所有座位都满了，所以一些学生坐在过道里。一位教授请他们清空过道，以防消防队长出现，一个被赶走的女孩迅速在我前面一排的四个空座位之一坐下，这些座位是为我和我可能带来的随行人员留的。当我独自到达并坐在前排时，我很快就注意到了坐在我旁边的这个非常可爱的女孩。我想当我起身演讲时她很震惊。当我盯着她看时，我知道有事发生，我在句子中间忘了我在说什么。演讲结束后，我留下来和一些学生谈话，她也留了下来。但然后她离开了。我不知道她是谁，想我可能再也见不到她了。所以我也结束了谈话离开，我在停车场追上了她。我问她周六是否愿意和我共进晚餐。

她答应了并给了我她的电话号码。当我走向我的车时，我问自己："如果这是我生命的最后一天，我宁愿和重要客户共进晚餐还是和她？"我跑回她的车，就在她准备开走时，我问她："今晚共进晚餐怎么样？"她说："好啊，"18个月后我们结婚了。是的，如果我等到周六晚上也许也会成功，那些客户如果我去的话可能会给我们更多的订单。

但谁知道呢，也许她周五晚上有个热辣的约会，事情结果会大不相同……你无法计划遇见会改变你人生的人。它就是发生了。也许是随机的，也许是命运。无论哪种方式，你都无法计划。但当它发生时，你要想认出它，并有勇气和清晰的头脑去抓住它。

邮件4：创立苹果

发件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 收件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 主题：创立苹果 日期：2005年6月7日，晚上11:55

当我和我的合伙人Steve Wozniak创立苹果时，我们的大多数朋友和家人都告诉我们我们疯了。Woz在惠普有一份很棒的工作，设计手持计算器，而我在雅达利有一份有趣的工作，设计游戏。我们放弃这些去创立这家公司，制造一块PC板上的原始电脑，可能只有少数爱好者，主要是我们的朋友，会买，而且价格低于我们的制造成本。我记得和Woz谈话，说："我们可能会失败，但我们现在没有责任，没有妻子，没有孩子，没有房贷，什么都没有。如果我们现在不这样做，我们永远不会做。我们没有什么可失去的——我们能从中得到的最坏结果就是我们会有为之奋斗的回忆。"给我们自己参与Bill Hewlett和Dave Packard所做的事情的体验——创立一家公司。所以我们没有投资更好的车，或更好的公寓，或我们的银行账户，而是决定投资我们自己。

邮件5：第三个故事？

发件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 收件人：史蒂夫·乔布斯 主题：第三个故事？ 日期：2005年6月9日，晚上10:15

我遇到的最重要的帮助我做出重大选择的事情是记住我很快就会死去。我知道这听起来有点戏剧化，但这是真的。当我记住这一点时，我意识到所有他人的期望和标准以及社会的限制最终都没有意义。我意识到，即使我在他人眼中让自己难堪或失败，我跟随我的心和直觉也不会有什么损失。因为我很快就会死去。而且我意识到，我没有永远的时间去决定找到我的直觉告诉我在外面等待我的东西。

当我17岁时，我读到一个引用，大意是"如果你把每一天都当作生命的最后一天来过，总有一天你会完全正确。"从17岁起，我每天早上都照镜子问自己："如果今天是我生命的最后一天，我会想做我今天要做的事吗？"当答案连续多天都是"不"时，我知道我需要改变我生活中的某些东西。

另一种思考方式是，你的人生是一个故事。当你22岁向前看时，很难这样看待。但想象自己是一个老人回顾你的人生。你的人生将是一个故事。它将是你的故事，有它的高潮和低谷，它的英雄和反派，它的岔路口意味着一切。

如果你能记住你的人生是一个正在形成的故事，它将帮助你做出那些重要的决定。当你必须在一份薪水丰厚有声望的工作和一份没有未来但让你心花怒放的非传统工作之间做出选择时，只需想象自己50年后回顾你的人生，你就会知道哪条路是你的。你会给自己正确的建议。你会凭直觉知道某件事是否是你故事的一部分。

我现在50岁了，我的故事正在进入第三幕。我可以肯定地告诉你，那些我跟随直觉、内心和直觉的时候……

英文原文

Drafting the Stanford Commencement Address, Make Something Wonderful

Drafting the Stanford Commencement Address

In January 2005, John Hennessy, the president of Stanford, asked Steve to give the commencement address to that spring’s graduating class. Steve agreed.

On and off for the next six months, Steve took stabs at writing his talk. He emailed stories and memories to himself. He asked friends, Apple colleagues, and the screenwriter Aaron Sorkin for their thoughts. In the end, however, he wrote the speech on his own. Even three days before the event, Steve was unsatisfied with his talk. He sent it to a friend, warning, “I’ll send it to you, but please don’t puke. I never do stuff like this.” He was still refining the
                speech the morning that he gave it. Uncharacteristically, Steve read from the lectern, rather than memorizing his text (as he did with Apple keynotes) or speaking extemporaneously from a few scrawled notes (as he did in nearly every other talk).

Steve was happy with the speech—he emailed himself a copy a few days after giving it—but he generally deflected the praise that he received for it. “I bought it on CommencementSpeeches.com,” he joked to one person. The commencement address has been viewed millions of times online and is included in school curricula around the world. The following are ideas Steve emailed to himself as he drafted the talk.

From: Steve Jobs

To: Steve Jobs

Subject: Commencement

Date: January 15, 2005, 10:35 a.m.

This is the closest I’ve ever come to graduating from college
- they’ve asked me to say a few things today that you can learn from
- I should be learning from you

1. Habits are very powerful things
- 20 years - now until you’re 42
- meditate 20 minutes a day

- walk to work (30 minutes × 2 = 1 hour/day × 5 days/week = 250/yr × 20 years = 5000hrs / 10 hours per day = 500 days = >1 year

2. You are what you eat
- how many cows, chickens, milk, soda, coffee
- fasting (jesus) 1 day per week

3. Curiosity
- autobiography of a yogi quote “what is miraculous is all around us”

4. When I was 20 years old I took classes here just as Apple was getting started
- no money
- my wife and I donating in your name one free scholarship per year for offbeat student

You are going into a crazy world

- nuclear, biological weapons, less than great leadership, etc Gandhi quote - become the change you want to see in the world

So, I’m going to focus on you - your inner world - how you approach your life

From: Steve Jobs

To: Steve Jobs

Subject: Stanford Speech

Date: May 1, 2005, 11:10 p.m.

I never graduated from college. Matter of fact, this right here is the closest I’ve ever got to a college graduation. So, if you’re foolish enough to listen to me today, I want to give you three pieces of advice as you leave college.

First, when I was around your age I made the public statement “Don’t trust anyone over 30.” Of course I meant it at the time. Now I am 50 years old, and it’s funny how, when you get to be my age, you begin to see more value in experience. But whether its sheer IQ points or life’s experience, the first piece of advice I want to give you is to try to always surround yourself with people smarter than you. This is how you get smarter and deeper. It doesn’t matter what their field is. They can be from a completely different walk of life than you - in fact, that’s even better. Not long after we started Apple I hired a genius engineer who was terribly old at the time - I think he was in his 40s - who was, in addition to being the best analog engineer on the planet, was also a revolutionary socialist. He turned me on to Das Kapital and America’s 60 Families and things I had never been exposed to before.

You have begun your 20s, and during this decade you will meet many amazing people. And some great teachers - mentors - who you will never forget. But remember, a teacher is someone who stands with you in the dark and holds their flashlight just long enough for you to find your own flashlight.

Second,

Third, we are all going to die. You are going to die

Added May 2, 7:20 p.m.

A wise observer of the economic scene once commented that “what can be left to later, usually is -- and then, alas, it’s too late.” I don’t want to let that stand as the epitaph of what has been an unparalleled period of success for the American economy and of enormous potential for the world at large.

Added May 5, 6:55 a.m.

STAY CURIOUS

Reed - taking calligraphy - no practical value - learned about typography, fonts, etc - 10 years later working on mac - if I had never taken class then no multiple fonts, proportional spaced multiple fonts on Macs or PCs

ENDING

When I was your age there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog which influenced my generation. It was created not far from where we stand today. They put out several issues, and then when it had run its course put out a final issue which, on the back cover had a photograph of a country road in the morning, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous, with the saying “Stay hungry. Stay foolish.” It was their farewell morsel of wisdom to us all. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And I wish that for you.

Thank you very much.

Added May 5, 9:09 a.m.

When I was your age there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog which influenced my generation. It was created in Menlo Park, not far from where we stand today. They put out several issues, and then when it had run its course put out a final issue. That was 1974, and I was your age. One the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous, with the words: “Stay hungry. Stay foolish.” It was their farewell jewel of wisdom as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And [now] I wish that for you. Thank you very much.

From: Steve Jobs

To: Steve Jobs

Subject: You can’t plan to meet the people who will change your life

Date: June 7, 2005, 11:46 p.m.

You can’t plan to meet the people who will change your life. I am invited to speak at Stanford’s business school once or twice a year, and I always try to do it. I had accepted an invitation to speak one Thursday late in the afternoon, and I wasn’t feeling very well and I had a dinner later that evening with some important customers up at a winery on Page Mill Road. The room for my talk wasn’t large enough, and all the seats were full so some of the students were sitting in the aisles. One of the professors asked them to clear the aisles in case a fire marshal should appear, and one girl who was being evicted quickly sat down in one of the four seats they had left vacant in the front row for me and whatever entourage I might be bringing. When I arrived alone and sat down in the front row, it didn’t take me long to notice this really cute girl sitting next to me. I think she was stunned when it was me that got up to speak. And I knew something was up when I was staring at her, forgetting what I was talking about mid-sentence. After my talk, I stayed around to speak with some students, and she stayed too. But then she left. I didn’t know who she was, and thought I might never see her again. So I wound things up and left too, and I caught up with her in the parking lot. I asked her if she would have dinner with me on Saturday.

She said yes and gave me her phone number. As I was walking to my car, I asked myself: “If this was the last day of my life, would I rather have dinner with the important customers or her?” I raced back to her car, just as she was about to drive off, and asked her “How about dinner tonight?” She said: “Sure,” and we were married 18 months later. Yea, it might have worked out if I had waited until Saturday night, and those customers might have given us a few more orders if I had shown up.

But who knows, maybe she had a hot date Friday night and things would have turned out much differently… .You can’t plan to meet the people who will change your life. It just happens. Maybe its random, maybe its fate. Either way, you can’t plan for it. But you want to recognize it when it happens, and have the courage and clarity of mind to grab onto it.

From: Steve Jobs

To: Steve Jobs

Subject: Starting Apple

Date: June 7, 2005, 11:55 p.m.

When my partner, Steve Wozniak, and I started Apple, most of our friends and our family told us we were nuts. Woz had a great job designing handheld calculators at Hewlett Packard and I had a fun job designing games at Atari. And we were giving them up to start this company to make a primitive computer on a PC board that a handful of hobbyists, mostly our friends, might buy for less than it costs us to make. I remember talking to Woz, and saying: “We may fail, but we have no responsibility now, no wives, no kids, no house payments, nothing. If we don’t do this now, we never will. We have nothing to lose - the worst we’ll get out of this is that we’ll have the memories of having gone for it.” To give ourselves the experience of participating in what Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard did-- to start a company. So rather than invest in better cars, or better apartments, or our bank accounts, we decided to invest in ourselves.

From: Steve Jobs

To: Steve Jobs

Subject: Story #3?

Date: June 9, 2005, 10:15 p.m.

The most important thing I’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices is to remember that I’ll be dead soon. I know it sounds a bit dramatic, but it’s true. And when I remember this, I realize that all of the expectations and standards and restrictions of others and society mean nothing in the end. I realize that I have nothing to lose by following my heart and intuition, even if I embarrass myself or fail in the eyes of others. Because I’ll be dead soon. And I realize that I don’t have forever to decide to find what my intuition tells me is waiting out there for me.

When I was 17, I read a quote that said something like “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.” And since I was 17, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself “If today was the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And when the answer has been “NO” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something in my life.

Another way to think about this is that your life is a story. It’s hard to see it that way when you’re looking forward at 22. But imagine yourself as an old person looking back on your life. Your life will be a story. It will be your story, with its highs and lows, its heros and villains, its forks in the road that mean everything.

And if you can remember that your life is a story in the making, it will help you make those important decisions. When you have to decide between taking the prestigious job that pays well, or the offbeat job with no future that makes your heart sing, just imagine yourself looking back on your life in 50 years and you’ll know what path is yours. You will give yourself the right advice. You will intuitively know if something is part of your story or not.

I’m 50 years old now, and my story is entering its third act. I can tell you with certainty that those times when I have followed my gut, heart and intuition …

思考与洞察

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目录
全球概览
保持饥饿保持愚蠢
三个故事